半月談
李艷秋
2026-02-09 14:49:11
Xinjiang,anamethatevokesimagesofvastdeserts,toweringmountains,andarichtapestryofcultures,isaregionthattrulydefieseasydescription.Itssheersizeisastounding;itisthelargestprovincial-leveldivisioninChina,coveringastaggering1.6millionsquarekilometers.Toputthatintoperspective,XinjiangislargerthanmanyEuropeancountriescombined!Thisimmenseterritoryisalandofdramaticcontrasts,wherethearidplainsoftheTarimBasinmeetthemajesticpeaksoftheTianShanandKunlunmountainranges.
Thelandscapesherearenothingshortofepic.ImaginethekaleidoscopichuesoftheKanasLake,reflectingthesurroundingemeraldforestsandsnow-cappedmountainslikeamirror.OrpictureyourselftraversingtheTaklamakanDesert,the"SeaofDeath,"aplacewhereancientcaravansoncebravedtheelements,leavingbehindwhispersofSilkRoadlegends.TheotherworldlylandscapesoftheColorfulDanxialandformsinZhangye,withtheirvibrantstripesofred,yellow,andorange,areaphotographer'sdream.ThentherearetheserenegrasslandsoftheNorthernXinjiang,stretchingasfarastheeyecansee,dottedwithnomadicyurtsandherdsofgrazinglivestock.Eachvistaisamasterpiece,paintedbynaturewithaboldandfearlesshand.
ButXinjiangismorethanjustitsawe-inspiringscenery.Itisacrossroadsofcivilizations,ameltingpotofethnicitiesandtraditionsthathaveconvergedhereovermillennia.TheUyghurpeople,withtheirdistinctivelanguage,music,andcuisine,formthelargestethnicgroup.Theirvibrantbazaars,filledwiththearomaofspicesandthelivelychatterofmerchants,areasensorydelight.Youcanloseyourselfforhoursexploringstallspiledhighwithexquisitecarpets,intricatehandicrafts,andfragrantdriedfruits.ThetraditionalUyghurdance,withitsgracefulmovementsandenergeticrhythms,isacaptivatingspectaclethatspeaksofadeepconnectiontothelandanditshistory.
BeyondtheUyghurs,Xinjiangishometoarichmosaicofotherethnicgroups,includingHan,Kazakh,Kyrgyz,Hui,Mongol,andTajikpeoples,eachcontributingtheiruniqueculturalheritagetotheregion.Thisdiversityisreflectedineverythingfromthearchitecturalstylesofthecitiesandvillagestothediversemusicalinstrumentsandartisticexpressions.YoumighthearthehauntingmelodiesoftheDutar,atraditionalstringinstrument,orwitnesstheexhilaratinghorsemanshipoftheKazakhpeopleduringtheircelebrations.
ThelegacyoftheancientSilkRoadispalpableinXinjiang.Forcenturies,thiswasthevitalarteryconnectingEastandWest,aconduitfortrade,ideas,andcultures.Ancientruinsandhistoricalsites,suchastheabandonedcityofJiaohe,aUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,standassilentwitnessestothisgloriouspast.Exploringtheseremnantsofbygoneeras,youcanalmostfeeltheechoesofmerchants,scholars,andtravelerswhooncewalkedthesesamepaths.ThecitiesofKashgarandTurpan,oncebustlinghubsontheSilkRoad,stillretaintheirhistoricalcharm,withtheirancientmosques,traditionalarchitecture,andlivelyteahouseswherestoriesofoldarestillshared.ThisjourneythroughXinjiangisnotjustageographicalexploration,butaprofoundimmersionintoalivinghistory,atestamenttotheenduringspiritofhumanconnectionandculturalexchange.
ThesheerimmensityofXinjiangmeansthatasinglevisitcanonlyscratchthesurfaceofitswonders.Eachcornerofthisvastregionoffersauniqueexperience,anewadventurewaitingtounfold.ConsiderthesouthernpartofXinjiang,dominatedbytheTarimBasin.Here,thelegendaryTaklamakanDesertholdsitssecrets,withoaseslikeHotanandKashgarofferingrespitefromthearidlandscape.Hotan,historicallyrenownedforitsjadeandsilk,stillmaintainsastrongartisanaltradition.Visitingasilkworkshop,youcanwitnesstheintricateprocessofsilkproductionfromsilkwormtofinishedfabric.Kashgar,withitsancientcitywallsandthevibrantSundaymarket,isatruesensoryexplosion.Themarket,achaoticyetcaptivatingspectacle,drawstradersfromacrosstheregion,offeringeverythingfromlivestockandspicestotraditionalUyghurclothingandhandcraftedgoods.TheIdKahMosque,thelargestmosqueinChina,standsasaspiritualheartofthecity,itsintricateIslamicarchitectureatestamenttocenturiesofdevotion.
Venturingnorth,theTianShanmountains,or"HeavenlyMountains,"createabreathtakingbackdrop.Thismajesticrangeisasanctuaryofnaturalbeauty,boastingcrystal-clearlakes,lushalpinemeadows,anddramaticcanyons.TheregionaroundYiliisfamousforitsrollinggrasslands,whereKazakhandKyrgyznomadshavetraditionallygrazedtheirherds.Duringthesummermonths,thesegrasslandstransformintoaseaofwildflowers,atrulyidyllicscene.TheNaratiGrasslandisonesuchgem,offeringopportunitiesforhorsebackridingandexperiencingthenomadiclifestyle.Furthernorth,themysticalKanasLake,oftenreferredtoasthe"pearloftheTianShan,"isaglaciallakeofunparalleledbeauty.Itswatersshiftincolorfromemeraldgreentosapphirebluedependingonthelight,surroundedbydenseforestsandtoweringpeaks.ThelocalTuvanpeople,asmallethnicgroupwithauniquecultureandlanguage,callthisareahome,preservingtheirtraditionsandlivinginharmonywithnature.
Xinjiang'sculinarylandscapeisasdiverseandcaptivatingasitsgeographyandpeople.InfluencedbyitsSilkRoadheritageandthedistincttraditionsofitsvariousethnicgroups,thefoodhereisadelightfulexplorationofflavors.Uyghurcuisineisastandout,withdisheslikelambskewers(kebab),hand-pullednoodles(laghman),andpolo(ricepilaf)beingabsolutemust-tries.Thefragrantspices,thetenderlamb,andtheperfectlycookedricecreateasymphonyoftastes.Don'tmisstheopportunitytotrynaan,astapleflatbreadbakedinatandooroven,oftensprinkledwithsesameseeds.BeyondUyghurfare,you'llfindinfluencesfromCentralAsiancuisines,withdishesfeaturingmoreyogurt,fruits,andnuts.Inthenorthernregions,dairyproductslikecheeseandkumis(fermentedmare'smilk)arecommon.Theabundanceoffreshfruits,fromsweetHamimelonstosucculentgrapes,isanotherhighlightofXinjiang'sagriculturalbounty.
Fortheadventuroussoul,Xinjiangoffersaplethoraofopportunitiesforexplorationanddiscovery.TrekkingintheTianShanmountainsprovidesachancetowitnesspristineglaciersandalpinelakesupclose.ExploringtheancientruinsalongtheSilkRoadoffersatangibleconnectiontohistory.Forthoseseekingamoreuniqueexperience,avisittotheFlamingMountainsnearTurpan,ageologicalwonderwithitsfieryredrockformationsthatappeartoglowatsunset,isunforgettable.TheuniqueclimateofTurpan,oneofthehottestanddriestplacesinChina,hasalsopreservedancientrelics,includingtheKarezsystem,aningeniousundergroundirrigationnetworkthathassustainedlifeinthedesertforcenturies.Xinjiangisadestinationthatrewardscuriosityandinvitesexploration,promisinganunforgettablejourneythroughalandwherehistory,culture,andnatureconvergeinspectacularfashion.It’saplacethatwillundoubtedlyleaveanindeliblemarkonyourmemory.
